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ROGER A. ARCHABAL, P.E. ' recommendations ranged fromshallow to deep foundations, ground improvement, site preparation and construction activities, and subsurface drainage for each project element. i NW 21st Street Bridge, Miami, Florida - Performed the geotechnical exploration for a proposed bridge crossing over the Miami River at the NW 21st Street intersection. The proposed bridge would be a mid to high rise bascule bridge. Geotechnical evaluations are recommendations were made for existing ' bulkheads, shallow and deep foundations, site preparation and construction activities, and subsurface drainage. State Road 15 /U.S. Road 441, Palm Beach County, Florida - The project consisted of the construction of a new section or roadway over highly compressible, organic muck soils of the Okeechobee area in Palm Beach County Florida. Roadway construction recommendations were provided which included preloading ' and the use of geosynthetics to enhance pavement durability, increase the life of the structure and reduce the total thickness. Pavement thickness analysis was made using AASHTO design methodology and Florida Department of Transportation guidelines. ' Laughlin /Bullhead Airport, Bullhead City, Arizona - Originally, the scope of the project consisted only of quality control during asphalt placement. However, when difficulty in achieving asphalt compaction occurred, Mr. Archabal performed a subgrade/base course evaluation through a series of field California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests and laboratory soil tests. Results of the study indicated suitable subgrade and base materials and consequently, the asphalt mix design was ultimately changed. ' Naval Air Station, Belle Chase, Louisiana - Field investigations including California Bearing Ration (CBR) testing and laboratory testing were performed to evaluate the subgrade for runway and taxiway expansion. Beau Chene Subdivision, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana - This exclusive subdivision is situated in highly expansive clays and collapsible silt soils. Geotechnical recommendations were made for chemical stabilization of the subgrade soils on numerous roadway projects. This option was utilized in lieu of excavation and replacement with select soils. ' Pavement Recommendations for the City of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana - Geotechnical pavement recommendations were made for variousprojects including new streets and rehabilitation of older streets. ' TUNNELS AND EXCAVATIONS Mr. Archabal has provided geotechnical consulting on a number of tunnel projects ranging from "cut and cover" techniques to "jack and bore" type tunneling. Several representative projects are presented below: ' East Orange Interchange - Orange County, California - Project consisted of a complex, multi -level roadway located in hilly terrain of varying geology in Orange County, California. Geotechnical recommendations were made for 23 bridge structures, three tunnel alternatives, slope stability of deep cuts and extensive fills and other miscellaneous foundation concerns. ' Smithridge Sewerage Project - Houma, Louisiana - Geotechnical recommendations were made for several miles of force main sewer line placement at depths ranging from 5 to 15 feet. This included extensive "jack and bore" tunneling recommendations under existing roadways. 48 to 30 -inch Diameter Force Main - New Orleans, Louisiana - Project consisted of the placement of 48 to 30 -inch diameter force main to depths of 15 to 20 feet. Geotechnical recommendations were made concerning excavations, slope stability and pipe bedding. "Jack and bore" tunneling methods were used ' below existing streets to minimize disturbance in traffic flow.